![]() ![]() Others have been claimed by Nazi ideologues seeking to fashion an intellectual foundation for the fascist regime. ![]() Some of the canonical texts are accused of harbouring proto-Nazi ideas. In occupied Germany, Kaufmann sees the tradition of Bildung humiliated and degraded by the inhumanity of Nazism. This humanist tradition sees philosophy and literature as serving to liberate, challenge, and cultivate the self. ![]() Kaufmann is steeped in a German intellectual tradition of Bildung, meaning education or culture. Young Walter Kaufmann, a German Jew forced to flee the National Socialist regime to the United States, has returned to his native land as part of the occupying forces. My favourite image from Stanley Corngold’s Walter Kaufmann: Philosopher, humanist, heretic is set in Berlin as World War II concludes. ![]()
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